• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Continuous vacuum isolation panel and vacuum loading procedure in VIP panels and/or continuous vacuum with external vacuum pump, consisting of a closed enclosure that exerts a resistance to the passage of heat and sound through it, due to a inner chamber (24) of vacuum, whose walls resist the force of atmospheric pressure and are formed by an outer shell (2), held by supports (1) that are kept separated due to the elastic force of spacers (5) . The continuous vacuum panel can be rigid (if the supports (1) are two), or flexible (if the supports (1) are more than two). The vacuum in the chamber (24) is obtained by the elastic force developed by the separators (5), when subjected to a previous compression, or by connecting the shell (2), by means of a valve (15), to a pump of vacuum (13). In VIP panels, the vacuum in the pores of the core material is obtained by connecting the shell (2), by means of a valve (15), to a vacuum pump (13). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2708400A1
    申请号:ES201930091
    申请日:2019-02-06
    公开日:2019-04-09
    发明作者:Blanco Enrique Gonzalez
    申请人:Kuhamisha Tech S L；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001]
    [0002] Continuous vacuum insulation panel and vacuum loading procedure in continuous and / or VIP vacuum panels with external vacuum pump
    [0003]
    [0004] Object of the invention
    [0005]
    [0006] The object of the present invention relates to a thermal insulation panel that uses the vacuum made inside, as a method to prevent conduction of heat and sound and the vacuum realization process inside insulated panels by vacuum.
    [0007]
    [0008] The main innovative features are:
    [0009] - The vacuum chamber that has inside, which allows to contain a high vacuum, as well as a long time of use of the panel and the possibility of making the flexible panel.
    [0010] - The ease of fabrication and cost of the panel materials.
    [0011] - The possibility of making panels of a large size.
    [0012] - The vacuum loading procedure allows the manufacture of VIP panels, with any type of core inside, in a simple and inexpensive way.
    [0013]
    [0014] Field of application of the invention
    [0015]
    [0016] The present invention falls within the field of energy efficiency and within it, in the field of thermal and acoustic insulation of enclosed spaces.
    [0017]
    [0018] Background of the invention
    [0019]
    [0020] The serious effects of global warming are increasingly evident and it is necessary to urgently apply the tools we have available to combat it. One of these tools (possibly the main one) is the energetic efficiency and within this, thermal insulation stands out. The most used thermal insulation system is the installation of insulating panels.
    [0021] The best method of thermal insulation is the realization of vacuum. Vacuum insulation panels are currently being marketed, called VIP (vacuum insulated panel), which are mainly used in the insulation of refrigerators, refrigerated transport and due to the European Union regulations for buildings with almost no energy consumption, they begin to be installed in buildings. In these VIP panels, the vacuum is made in the pores of a rigid material, which resists the force of atmospheric pressure.
    [0022] VIP panels, although they have a high thermal insulation, have the following deficiencies:
    [0023] 1 ° When having a discontinuous vacuum, the thermal insulation is of the order of 0'007 W / m K.
    [0024]
    [0025] 2 ° They have a useful life of about 25 years, because the atmospheric gases pass through their outer cover and when they have little volume of vacuum, they can not store these gases without increasing the internal pressure.
    [0026]
    [0027] 3 ° They are expensive to manufacture, because a vacuum bell is used in its preparation.
    [0028] 4 ° Large panels can not be manufactured, due to the limitations and cost of large-size vacuum hoods.
    [0029]
    [0030] 5 ° They have high thermal bridges at the edges or edge effects, due to their low dimensions.
    [0031]
    [0032] 6 ° The vacuum that can be loaded inside is limited to the order of 1 millibar, being manufactured in small-size vacuum bells.
    [0033]
    [0034] To solve the aforementioned problems, the present invention provides the following characteristics:
    [0035]
    [0036] 1 ° By having a vacuum chamber and therefore a continuous vacuum space, the thermal insulation of the panel can be close to 0.001 W / m K.
    [0037]
    [0038] 2 ° They have a useful life much higher than 25 years, because the atmospheric gases that pass through their outer cover, can be stored without increasing the internal pressure, to have a high volume of vacuum.
    [0039]
    [0040] 3 ° They are simple and inexpensive to manufacture, due to the use of a pressing system and / or a vacuum pump of low power in its preparation.
    [0041]
    [0042] 4 ° Large panels can be manufactured, because a simple and inexpensive method is used for the realization of vacuum inside.
    [0043]
    [0044] 5 ° They have low thermal bridges at the edges or edge effects, due to their high dimensions.
    [0045]
    [0046] 6 ° Vacuum panels to be processed with cores of any type and material, can be loaded with a high vacuum, because an external vacuum pump is used and not a vacuum bell.
    [0047]
    [0048] The applicant is unaware of the existence of any invention that meets the novel features present in the proposed invention and whose characterizing elements are detailed below.
    [0049]
    [0050] Description of the invention
    [0051]
    [0052] Firstly, the continuous vacuum insulation panel will be described and then the vacuum loading process will be described in continuous vacuum panels and / or VIP panels with external vacuum pump, object also of this patent application.
    [0053]
    [0054] Continuous vacuum insulation panel:
    [0055] The continuous vacuum insulation panel consists of a closed enclosure with a high resistance to the passage of heat and sound. This resistance is achieved, through the realization of vacuum in an internal chamber, located between the walls of the enclosure. Vacuum is the most effective thermal and acoustic insulation system available. Its effectiveness depends on the degree of depression achieved. The present invention employs the method of obtaining vaccines by elastic force in order to achieve the necessary vacuum. The invention also uses the vacuum loading method in VIP panels with an external vacuum pump as a vacuum obtaining system.
    [0056]
    [0057] The walls of the invention are made up of two components:
    [0058] - An external component, which forms the envelope of the panel and constitutes the visible part of the panel and is in contact with the atmospheric air that surrounds the panel and therefore resists atmospheric pressure. This external component is a flexible or / and rigid vacuum containment means, such as a multilayer barrier material. This means of containment, must have a high resistance to the passage of atmospheric gases through it, since its function is to contain within its volume the vacuum. The means of containment must also have a good resistance to traction, especially if it is flexible. Figure 1 (a) shows, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the representation in perspective of a possible realization of the invention, in which through cuts the structure and interior components are shown. In this figure, it can be seen how the vacuum containment medium surrounds the rest of the components. Figure 1 (b) shows the section in plan, Figure 1 (c) shows the cross section and Figure 1 (d) shows the longitudinal section of the possible embodiment of the invention.
    [0059] - An internal component, which supports the outer envelope (means of containment of vacuum), avoiding that in this envelope its upper face is stuck to its lower face, due to the force of the atmospheric pressure. This internal component is constituted by two or more support means, such as two or more aluminum sheets, separated by means of separation that can be elastic or rigid and have a low thermal conductivity, such as cork blocks, as the series of figures 1 shows with illustrative and non-limiting character. These means of separation, must have a sufficiently high elastic constant so that when deforming, with the force of the atmospheric pressure transmitted through the support means, they manage to maintain the desired separation of the support means. The support means and the separation means are those that resist the force of the atmospheric pressure of 1 kg / cm2 when performing the vacuum within the invention.
    [0060]
    [0061] The separation of the support means, made with the separation means, forms the chamber where the vacuum is made which in turn is maintained by the containment means, that is to say the outer envelope.
    [0062] Continuous vacuum insulation panels can be rigid or flexible:
    [0063] - In the rigid panels, the support means are two for each panel, one for each side of the panel and each support means occupies the entire surface of the panel, as indicated by the series of figures 2 with illustrative and non-limiting character. Figure 2 (a) shows the perspective representation of a possible embodiment of the rigid invention, in which the structure and interior components are visualized through cuts. Figure 2 (b) shows the section in plan, Figure 2 (c) shows the cross section and Figure 2 (d) shows the longitudinal section, of a possible embodiment of the rigid invention.
    [0064]
    [0065] - In the flexible panels, the support means are more than two for each panel, two or more for each side of the panel and each support means occupies a part of the surface of the panel, as indicated by the series of figures 1 with illustrative character and not limiting. Figure 1 (a) shows the perspective representation of a possible embodiment of the flexible invention, in which the structure and interior components are visualized by cuts. Figure 1 (b) shows the section in plan, Figure 1 (c) shows the cross section and Figure 1 (d) shows the longitudinal section of a possible embodiment of the flexible invention. In the series of figures 1 it is observed that the support means are more than two per panel and enable the flexibility thereof.
    [0066] In the case that a flexible vacuum containment means is used in the invention and due to the high adhesion of this envelope with the support means, caused when vacuuming inside the panel, the envelope could break with the edges of the edges. media plates support. To avoid this circumstance, a means of protection is inserted, such as a laminate composed of polyurethane and teflon, sandwiched between the vacuum containment means (the envelope) and the support means (the plates), as shown by the series of figures 1 and the series of figures 2 with illustrative and non-limiting character. This sheet of protection means also allows the flexibility of the panel, as described below. By subjecting the invention to a flexion stress, the envelope will have a displacement movement with respect to the support means. The means of protection, by avoiding the contact of the envelope with the support means, allows this movement. This means of protection must be perfectly connected mechanically with the plates of the support means, with a fixing means, such as an adhesive. The reason for the existence of this mechanical union, is due to the necessary separation of the plates from the media supports, so that these rotate and can be adapted to the insulation surface and achieve a flexible panel. In the space between the plates, in the absence of a resistant surface, the force of the atmospheric pressure could join the sheet of the upper and lower protection means, eliminating the vacuum chamber. The mechanical union of the means of protection and the plates of the support means, gives a resistance to the deformation (caused by the atmospheric pressure) to the protection means.
    [0067]
    [0068] In the following, the process by which the invention obtains the necessary vacuum is described in detail.
    [0069] The invention can be loaded in vacuum by two different methods:
    [0070] - Method of obtaining vacuum by means of elastic force. In this method, the invention is subjected to the crushing force exerted by a compression means, such as for example a hydraulic press. 3 shows, in an illustrative and non-limiting manner, the process for obtaining a vacuum within a possible embodiment of the invention and which is described in detail below. In Figure 3 (a), the invention located within the compression means in this case, a press is shown. A portion of the vacuum containment means, that is to say of the envelope of the panel, protrudes from the press and has an opening. It is also observed, as when the press does not exert pressure, the separation means are not compressed and the distance between the support means is maximum. In Figure 3 (b), the invention is in the middle of its compression process. The means of separation, being compressed in half, exert half of their force. The air inside the invention is being expelled to the outside, through the opening of the vacuum containment means. In Figure 3 (c), the invention is fully compressed and the air inside it has been totally expelled. The means of separation, being fully compressed, exert their maximum force. It is also noted that while the invention is fully compressed, the opening of the vacuum containment means is closed by a sealing means, such as for example a heat sealing device. In Figure 3 (d), the press has released the invention from its pressure and no longer exerts any force on the invention. The elastic force of the separation means is exerted completely against the support means and these in turn support the vacuum containment means, crushed by the atmospheric pressure. The vacuum chamber has its final volume that will always be less than the initial volume of the chamber filled with air. In the series of figures 1, 2 and 3, it is observed how the support means have grooves in which they house the separation means. In turn, the protection means has slits in its surface, where the separation means are located. The surface of these grooves is the mechanical joining area of the protective means with one of the faces of the support means. The dimensions and shape of the grooves mentioned are adequate to accommodate the deformation of the means of separation, as the crush of the invention passes through the compression means, and especially at the time of maximum crushing. It achieves this, the flatness of the surfaces in contact and the evacuation of all air, as shown in the series of figures 3. The cracks in the support means increase the rigidity of these and their ability to withstand the force of atmospheric pressure.
    [0071]
    [0072] - Vacuum loading procedure in continuous vacuum panels and / or VIP panels with external vacuum pump, this procedure is described separately below when being the object of the patent application.
    [0073]
    [0074] Vacuum loading procedure in continuous vacuum panels and / or VIP panels with external vacuum pump: In this procedure, the air inside the invention and / or any vacuum insulation panel (VIP) with any type of medium The support of the atmospheric pressure and the vacuum host inside it, such as, for example, pyrogenic silica, is extracted using a connecting means, such as a valve, which connects the interior of the invention (and / or VIP panel) with the medium of obtaining vacuum by aspiration. The process is described below in detail. As shown in the series of figures 4, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, in this method, the invention (and / or VIP panel) has an extension of the vacuum containment means, in which the connection means is installed. In figures 4, a continuous vacuum panel is represented as an object of this procedure and with an illustrative and not limitative character. This representation of figures 4, in no way limit the use of this procedure to any VIP panel. Figures 4 are not represented with a VIP panel, to simplify this patent application. Figure 4 (a) shows the section in plan and figure 4 (b), 4 (c) the section in elevation of the invention (and / or VIP panel) with the extension of the vacuum containment means. This extension of the vacuum containment means forms an appendix thereof, of sufficient size to be able to install the connecting means and is communicated with the camera of the invention (and / or VIP panel), intended to contain vacuum, by means of the openings of said chamber, as indicated in figures 4 (a), 4 (b). The connecting means adheres perfectly to the vacuum containment means and forms a sealed union with it. This connection is made with a joining means, such as a bayonet system with rubber gasket. In the connection means, a fluid transport means is connected, such as a rigid and / or flexible air duct, whose other connection end is connected to the suction vacuum obtaining means, as indicated in figure 4 (b) The vacuum obtaining means is actuated and the air inside the invention (and / or VIP panel) is removed. Once the empty inside the invention (and / or VIP panel) is the desired one, the communication of the extension of the empty content medium with the invention (and / or VIP panel) is interrupted, with a sealing means, such as for example a heat sealing system, as indicated in Figure 4 (c). The sealing means mechanically connects the upper and lower face of the vacuum containment means. Once the isolation of the invention (and / or VIP panel) has been achieved with the extension of the containment means, it is physically separated using a cutting means, such as a blade, in the area where it can not be damaged. sealing of the invention (and / or VIP panel), as indicated in Figure 4 (c). When performing the vacuum, with the vacuum means, the force of the atmospheric pressure will crush the extension of the containment medium, especially the communication area of this with the internal chamber of the invention (and / or VIP panel), interrupting the air extraction. In order to avoid this problem, the area of connection between the vacuum containment means of the panel and its extension is subjected to a traction effort by a traction means, such as for example an extendable jack, as indicated in Figure 4 (FIG. b) and figure 4 (c).
    [0075]
    [0076] Due to the simplicity of the two vacuum loading systems, the invention (and / or VIP panel) can be made in large sizes, making the manufacturing process cheaper. The larger the size of a vacuum panel, the smaller the flange length of the enclosure per unit area of the panel and therefore the loss of insulation of the vacuum panel due to the edge effects is minimized.
    [0077] The study of the conductivity of the continuous vacuum insulation panel is described below.
    [0078] To simplify the thermal resistance of a rigid insulation panel, that is to say with two support means, one upper and one lower, which occupies the entire surface of the panel and without means of protection. The thermal resistance of the interior of the invention Ri is: Ri = 2 Rs Rc where Rs is the thermal resistance of each of the support means, which is a known data and Rc is the thermal resistance of the internal chamber where the empty
    [0079] In turn Rc is obtained from 1 / Rc = N / Rt 1 / Rv where N is the number of separation means, Rt is the thermal resistance of each of the separation means and Rv is the thermal resistance of the volume of the empty camera. If the invention is loaded with a high vacuum the Rv is a very large number and the term 1 / Rv tends to zero, whereby Rc = Rt / N, in turn Rt = e / k S where e is the thickness of the means of separation, k its conductivity and S its surface, then Rc = e / k SN. The product of S by N is a very low term of the order of thousands, due to the small surface of the separation means. The value of the conductivity k of the separation means is of the order of hundredths. Therefore, since the value of the term k S N is of the order of ten thousandths, the thermal resistance of the internal vacuum chamber Rc is very high. Since Ri = 2 Rs Rc and the value of Rs is very low, the Ri is approximately the value of Rc. Then the theoretical value of the thermal resistance of the invention is high which implies a very low conductivity.
    [0080] If a vacuum containment medium is used that causes low thermal bridges at its edges, due to the conductivity of its manufacturing material and its sealing system, the conductivity of the invention is very low.
    [0081]
    [0082] Description of the drawings
    [0083]
    [0084] To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the patent application, according to a preferred example of practical realization of the same, an integral set of said description is included as an integral part of said description. drawings where, with an illustrative and non-limiting character, the following has been represented:
    [0085]
    [0086] Figure 1 (a) .- Shows a representation in perspective of a possible realization of the flexible invention, in which through cuts the structure and interior components are shown.
    [0087]
    [0088] Figure 1 (b) .- Shows the section in plan of a possible realization of the flexible invention.
    [0089]
    [0090] Figure 1 (c) .- Shows the cross section of a possible embodiment of the flexible invention.
    [0091]
    [0092] Figure 1 (d) .- Shows the longitudinal section of a possible realization of the flexible invention.
    [0093]
    [0094] Figure 2 (a) .- Shows a representation in perspective of a possible realization of the rigid invention, in which through cuts the structure and interior components are shown.
    [0095]
    [0096] Figure 2 (b) .- Shows the section in plan of a possible realization of the invention rlgida.
    [0097]
    [0098] Figure 2 (c) .- Shows the cross section of a possible realization of the rigid invention.
    [0099]
    [0100] Figure 2 (d) .- Shows the longitudinal section of a possible realization of the rlgida invention.
    [0101]
    [0102] Figure 3 (a) .- Shows the possible realization of the invention located within the compression medium.
    [0103] Figure 3 (b) .- Shows the possible realization of the invention in the middle of its compression process, expelling the air from its interior.
    [0104]
    [0105] Figure 3 (c) .- Shows the possible realization of the invention fully compressed, without air inside and how it is sealed.
    [0106]
    [0107] Figure 3 (d) .- Shows the possible realization of the invention released from the compression and how to act the elastic force of the separation means, creates the vacuum chamber.
    [0108]
    [0109] Figure 4 (a) .- Shows the section in plan of the possible realization of the invention (and / or VIP panel) with its extension of the means of containment of vacuum and the connection means.
    [0110]
    [0111] Figure 4 (b) .- Shows the longitudinal section of the possible embodiment of the invention (and / or VIP panel), its extension, its connecting means and the air aspiration means, before the activation of the latter.
    [0112]
    [0113] Figure 4 (c) .- Shows the longitudinal section of the possible realization of the invention (and / or VIP panel), its extension, its means of connection and the means of aspiration of air, after the activation of the latter.
    [0114]
    [0115] Realization of the invention
    [0116]
    [0117] In view of the figures, an example of realization of the invention can be observed in them. The components shown in the figures are described in detail below.
    [0118]
    [0119] The realization of the invention, described below, consists of a flexible continuous vacuum insulation panel with dimensions of 2000 mm high x 2000 mm wide x 15 mm thick.
    [0120]
    [0121] Figure 1 (a) shows the representation in perspective of the possible realization of the invention, in which cuts are visualized the structure and interior components. Figure 1 (b) shows the section in plan and figures 1 (c) and 1 (d) show the sections in elevation of the possible realization of the invention. In Figure 1 (b), the realization of the invention is fully represented. In the remaining figures of this description, a part of the embodiment of the invention or of smaller dimensions is represented, in order that the components of the embodiment of the invention are correctly appreciated. The figures show all the components of the possible embodiment of the invention and which are described in detail below.
    [0122] In this realization of the invention to be flexible has 26 supports (1) made of aluminum sheet, as shown by the series of figures 1, which support the outer shell (2) of the vacuum panel, crushed by the force of the pressure atmospheric The upper half of the shell (2) is supported by 13 supports (1), facing another 13 supports (1) that support the lower half of the shell (2). This envelope (2) is a complex barrier material formed by three metallic PET films plus a LDPE sealing film. The envelope (2) adjusts its shape, to contain the core of the vacuum panel, by means of two halves of dimensions 2000mm high x 2000mm wide. These two halves of the enclosure (2), are joined by adjusting to the core (dimensions 1900mm high x 1900mm wide), by merging the flange (3) 50mm wide of the middle of the enclosure (2) with its other half that has the same size of tab (3). The union of the two halves of the shell (2) is made by thermofusion, with a heat sealing clamp, of the LDPE sealing films of the tabs (3).
    [0123] Each support (1) has dimensions of 1mm in thickness, 1900mm in length and 100mm in width, and an area of 0.19 m2. The supports (1) are separated from each other by a distance of 50mm. Each support (1) has 12 slits (4) of circular shape, made with a stuffing machine in the aluminum of the support (1). In each pair of these slits (4) (one belonging to the upper support (1) and the other belonging to the lower support (1), facing the two), a separator (5) is housed. The separators (5) keep each pair of brackets (1) facing each other separated. Since there are 12 slits (4) for each of the supports (1) and there are 13 upper supports (1) and 13 lower supports (1), then the total number of separators (5) of the realization of the invention is 156 These separators (5) have a cylindrical shape, are manufactured in cork with a conductivity of 0.044 W / m K and with dimensions of 10mm radius of the base of the cylinder and 20mm of height without compression by the atmospheric pressure and 10mm of height compressed by atmospheric pressure.
    [0124] Between the enclosure (2) and the supports (1), there is the protection (6), consisting of a polyurethane plastic sheet. The mission of this protection (6), is to avoid direct contact of the enclosure (2) with the supports (1) and eliminate possible damages. To achieve the flexibility of carrying out the invention, the protection (6) has a thin layer of Teflon in contact with the shell (2). This allows a small displacement of the enclosure (2) on the protection (6), when the vacuum panel is flexed. The protection (6) has housings (7), in which by means of a polyurethane adhesive the supports (1) are housed and adhered. The face of the supports (1) that is not in contact with the housings (7), as well as the zone of the protection (6) located between the supports (1), receive a very high layer of aluminized, in order to avoid the transmission of infrared radiation.
    [0125] Once the realization of the invention has been constructed, one must proceed to obtain vacuum inside, for which there are two methods:
    [0126] 1 ° Using a plate press (10). The plates (11) are two steel plates of square shape and 2000mm side. The enclosure (2), of the vacuum panel, has an evacuation area (8) of the interior air, located in a corner of the tab (3), consisting of a zone of 50mm length of the tab (3) without seal. The embodiment of the invention is located between the plates (11) and the press (10) is activated. The press (10) develops a crushing force on the 100-tonne panel, extracting all the air from inside the panel. Once the panel is subjected to the maximum force of the press (10), the evacuation zone (8) is sealed, with the heat-sealing clamps (12), to then be released from the press force. The rubber separators (5), which have been initially compressed by the force of the press (10), exert their elastic force and separate the aluminum supports (1), creating a space between them in which the vacuum exists. The process was previously described in detail and is shown in the series of figures 3.
    [0127] 2 ° Using a vacuum pump (13). This method is also used to empty the interior of VIP vacuum panels. In this case the vacuum is made in the pores of the core material of the panel. This material resists the force of atmospheric pressure and can be pyrogenic silica, rigid open cell polyurethane or any material with open pores and low conductivity. The vacuum pump (13) develops a vacuum of 15 microns, has a power of 1 CV and a flow rate of 10 l / min. In this method, the envelope (2) has an appendix (9), figures 4 (a) and 4 (b), with a square shape and 150mm on each side. In the center of the upper face of the appendix (9), a hole of 10mm diameter is made, and the bayonet system (14) of a valve (15) for vacuum bags is installed. Next, the upper part of aluminum (16) with silicone gasket (17), of the valve (15), on the lower part (18), is installed by means of the bayonet (14). This valve (15), has a connection (19) of% of an inch for the connection of a copper pipe (20), in which a vacuum meter (21) and an obus valve (22) are installed. In the obus valve (22), the air hose (23) of the vacuum pump (13) is connected. The valve (15) has attached to its upper body (16) an extensible jack (25), whose end holds the tab (3) farthest from the appendix (9). The extensible jack (25) enters into action and tightens the enclosure (2), allowing a correct evacuation of the air from the chamber (24). Once the vacuum is made, in this case 15 microns, inside the embodiment of the invention (and / or VIP panel), the sealing of the side of the appendix (9) attached to the enclosure (2) is proceeded with the heat-sealing tongs (12) (the upper part is sealed with the lower part of the cover area of the appendix (9), creating the area of the tab (3) that was missing from the panel). Next, the vacuum pump (13) is deactivated and the appendix (9) of the newly created tab (3) is separated with a cuter. The process was previously described in detail and is shown in the series of figures 4.
    [0128]
    [0129] The theoretical conductivity is then calculated at the center of the realization of the invention:
    [0130] As indicated above, the thermal resistance inside the vacuum panel Ri is Ri = 2 Rs 2 Rp Rc and the thermal resistance of the aluminum supports is Rs = (0.000015 K m2 / W) / Ss, where Ss is the surface of the supports, in this case Ss = 0.19 x 13 = 2.47 m2, then Rs = 0.0000006 K / W and the thermal resistance of the plastic protection is Rp = (0.03 K m2 / W) / Sp, where Ss is the surface of the protection, in this case Sp = 4 m2, then Rp = 0.0075 K / W. Therefore, Ri is approximately (having Rs and Rp a few low values) equal to the thermal resistance of the internal vacuum chamber Rc and Rc = e / k S N. The values are: cork separator thickness e = 0, 01 m, cork conductivity k = 0.044 W / m K, surface of a cork separator S = 3.14 cm2 = 0.000314 m2 and number of cork spacers N = 156. Substituting the above values, we obtain Rc = 4.64 K / W and this value is approximately the value of Ri, then Ri = 4.64 K / W.
    [0131] The value of the conductivity of the interior of the embodiment of the invention is then calculated. The relation between conductivity and thermal resistance is: k = e / Ri S where e is the thickness of the vacuum chamber, Ri is the thermal resistance of the interior of the vacuum panel and S the surface of the vacuum panel.
    [0132] The values are: e = 0.01 m, Ri = 4.64 K / W, S = 4 m2 and substituting, we obtain that the conductivity of the interior of the panel k = 0.0005 W / m K. The loss of conductivity of a vacuum panel depends on the edge effects and these on the relationship between its area and perimeter. When taking into account the loss of conductivity of 8.3% produced by the enclosure used, the effective conductivity of the panel is 0.00054 W / m K. If the dimensions of the panel were 0.5m x 0.5m the loss of conductivity the envelope would be 33% and the conductivity would be 0.00066 W / m K, which demonstrates the importance of the realization of high-dimensional vacuum panels.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    1. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, of the type that consists of a closed enclosure that exerts a resistance to the passage of heat and sound through it, characterized by the fact that the thermal and acoustic resistance is achieved by means of the realization vacuum in an internal chamber (24) located between the walls of the enclosure (2) (6) (1), these walls having an outer component that forms the enclosure (2) and visible part of the enclosure, this enclosure (2) being ) in contact with the atmospheric air surrounding the panel and therefore resists atmospheric pressure, this envelope (2) being a flexible or / and rigid vacuum containment means that prevents atmospheric gases from entering the interior of the chamber internal (24) and an internal component that supports the envelope (2) preventing that in this envelope (2) is its upper face stuck to its lower face due to the force of the atmospheric pressure, this inner component being constituted by two or more support means (1), separated each pair of these support means (1) (one upper and one lower, facing) by two or more separation means (5), which can be elastic or / and rigid, which have a low thermal conductivity and are located between the support means (1); because the separation means (5) possess the necessary elastic constant so that when deforming with the force of the atmospheric pressure transmitted through the support means (1) they manage to maintain the desired separation of the support means (1) and the desired vacuum volume; because to obtain the vacuum in the internal chamber (24) of the vacuum panel, it is subjected to the crushing force exerted by a compression means (10), which when fully compressing the separation means (5), extracts all the air in the inner chamber (24) (at the same time it disappears) through an opening (8) located in the enclosure (2), to then seal the opening (8) with a sealing means (12) ) and then releasing the continuous vacuum panel from the force of the compression means (10), as a consequence of these actions the separation means (5) exerts its elastic force on the support means (1) and the enclosure (2) and the internal chamber (24) is recreated with emptiness inside.
    [2]
    2. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, according to claim 1, characterized in that if the number of its support means (1) is two, when subjected to bending forces, its behavior is similar to a rigid body and if the number of its media supports (1) is greater than two, when subjected to bending forces, its behavior is similar to a flexible body.
    [3]
    3. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that it has a protection means (6), which protects the vacuum containment means (2) from its contact with the support means (1) and at the same time separates the vacuum containment means (2) from the support means (1), because the protection (6) allows the displacement of the vacuum containment means (2) with respect to the support means (1) , by subjecting the panel to bending efforts; and in that the protection means (6), when mechanically joined to the support means (1), maintains the vacuum chamber (24) in the space between the separation means, when subjecting the panel to bending efforts.
    [4]
    4. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, according to claim 1, characterized in that the support means (1) have slits (4), to accommodate the deformation of the separation means (5) to be compressed by the compression means (10), in order to achieve the total expulsion of the air contained in the chamber (24).
    [5]
    5. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the protection means (6), has a housing (7) to accommodate the support means (1) and achieve the flatness of the upper and lower wall of the chamber (24), in order to achieve the total expulsion of the air contained in the chamber (24).
    [6]
    6. Continuous vacuum insulation panel, according to claim 1, characterized in that in the process of obtaining vacuum by a means of obtaining vacuum (13) by aspiration of air, the area of union between the containment medium of vacuum (2) of the panel and its extension (9) is subjected to a traction effort by a traction means (25), in order to prevent the extension (9) of the vacuum containment medium from being crushed by the force of the atmospheric pressure, interrupting the evacuation of air by means of obtaining vacuum (13).
    [7]
    7. New vacuum realization procedure inside continuous vacuum insulation panels and / or vacuum insulation panels (VIP) that involves the previous installation of the enclosure (9) involving the core of the panel and the sealing of the enclosure (9) on the sides of the panel minus one, whose procedure is characterized in that to obtain the vacuum in the internal chamber (24) of the continuous vacuum panel and / or in the pores of the core of the VIP panel, it is connected to the panel means a vacuum obtaining means (13) by aspiration of air through a connecting means (15) and a fluid transport means (20) (23), the connecting means (15) being installed in an extension of the envelope (9), and once the vacuum obtaining means (13) is activated, vacuum is obtained in the internal chamber (24) and / or in the pores of the core material, to then perform the separation of the extension of the envelope (9) of the envelope (2), first sealing (the part upper with the lower) the area of the envelope (2) that shares the panel with the extension of the envelope (9) using a sealing means (12) and ending with the physical separation using a cutting means, forming the area of tab (3) of the enclosure (2) that was missing for the tab (3) to occupy the entire perimeter of the panel.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2708400B2|2019-10-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2007089096A1|2006-02-01|2007-08-09|Ju Sang Lim|Vacuum multi-layer panel|
    CN201620485U|2010-04-09|2010-11-03|李慎科|Vacuum heat insulation board for building|
    US20150152635A1|2012-06-12|2015-06-04|Electricite De France|Thermal insulating panel|
    EP2730398A2|2012-11-07|2014-05-14|OCI Company Ltd.|Apparatus for molding core of vacuum insulation panel and vacuum insulation panel manufactured thereby|
    US20160174734A1|2014-02-11|2016-06-23|Anthony, Inc.|Display case door assembly with tempered glass vacuum panel|
    US20150233519A1|2014-02-14|2015-08-20|Kenneth Teasdale|Thermally insulated panel|
    WO2015147389A1|2014-03-28|2015-10-01|주식회사엑스엘|Vacuum insulation panel|
    法律状态:
    2019-04-09| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2708400 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20190409 |
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